结构抗地震倒塌研究
大震和特大地震下结构的抗倒塌能力,是建筑结构抗震设计的核心目标。因此,结构抗震设计应首先保证抗倒塌能力的目标,然后再检验小震不坏、中震可修的目标是否满足。汶川、玉树地震暴露出,我国现行结构抗震设计方法(小震弹性承载力计算设计,大震抗倒塌构造保证),在大震和特大震下不同结构形式的倒塌率可能有显著差异。因此,需要通过研究结构的倒塌机理和倒塌规律,改进现行抗震设计方法,提高我国结构防御地震倒塌的能力。 论文下载 Comparison
and selection of ground motion intensity measures for seismic design
of super high-rise buildings, Abstract:
Ground motion intensity measures (IMs) are an important basis of structural
seismic design. Extensive research has been conducted on the selection
of IMs for building structures with fundamental periods shorter than
6 s. However, minimal work has been performed for super high-rise buildings
whose fundamental periods are much longer than 6 s. To fill the gap
in this research area, this paper aims to develop a simplified analytical
model for super high-rise buildings based on the flexural-shear coupled
beam model. The variation in correlation and dispersion between different
IMs is evaluated and the structural seismic response demand measures
(DMs) are analyzed for different structural fundamental periods. Subsequently,
rational IMs for the seismic design of super high-rise buildings are
suggested. In addition, the influence of different flexural and shear
stiffness ratios, a0, on the selection of an IM for super high-rise
buildings is also discussed. Finally, a series of incremental dynamic
analyses (IDA) of the Shanghai Tower, with a total height of approximately
632 m, is performed to verify the rationality of using different IMs
for super high-rise buildings. The numerical results indicate that with
a minimum dispersion, the peak ground velocity (PGV) has a better correlation
to the story drift ratio than any other IMs. While considering structural
nonlinearity, PGV still yields the minimum coefficient of variation
in the collapse analysis of the actual super high-rise building. It
is therefore recommended that PGV be used as an IM for the seismic design
of super high-rise buildings. An
improved ground motion intensity measure for super high-rise buildings,
Abstract:
Ground motion intensity measure (IM) is an important part in performance-based
seismic design. A reasonable and efficient IM can make the prediction
of the structural seismic responses more accurate. Therefore, a more
reasonable IM for super high-rise buildings is proposed in this paper.
This IM takes into account the significant characteristic that higher-order
vibration modes play important roles in the seismic response of super
high-rise buildings, as well as the advantages of some existing IMs.
The key parameter of the proposed IM is calibrated using a series of
time-history analyses. The collapse simulations of two super high-rise
buildings are used to discuss the suitability of the proposed IM and
some other existing IMs. The results indicate that the proposed IM yields
a smaller coefficient of variation for the critical collapse status
than other existing IMs and performs well in reflecting the contribution
of higher-order vibration modes to the structural response. Hence, the
proposed IM is more applicable to seismic design for super high-rise
buildings than other IMs. Collapse
simulation of reinforced concrete high-rise building induced by extreme
earthquakes, Abstract: Collapse resistance of
high-rise buildings has become a research focus because of the frequent
occurrence of strong earthquakes and terrorist attacks in recent years.
Research development has demonstrated that numerical simulation is becoming
one of the most powerful tools for collapse analysis in addition to
the conventional laboratory model tests and post-earthquake investigations.
In this paper, a finite element method based numerical model encompassing
fiber-beam element model, multilayer shell model, and elemental deactivation
technique is proposed to predict the collapse process of high-rise buildings
subjected to extreme earthquake. The potential collapse processes are
simulated for a simple 10-story RC frame and two existing RC high-rise
buildings of 18-story and 20-story frame–core tube systems. The influences
of different failure criteria used are discussed in some detail. The
analysis results indicate that the proposed numerical model is capable
of simulating the collapse process of existing high-rise buildings by
identifying potentially weak components of the structure that may induce
collapse. The study outcome will be beneficial to aid further development
of optimal design philosophy. 抗地震倒塌能力谱研究,
摘 要:应用基于IDA的倒塌易损性分析方法,定量评价了单自由度结构体系的抗地震倒塌能力,并提出了结构抗地震倒塌能力谱的概念。抗地震倒塌能力谱由抗倒塌能力均值谱和离散度谱两部分构成,不仅可用于估计结构在不同超越概率地震作用下的倒塌率;还可根据罕遇地震/特大地震作用下的倒塌率目标,建立基于倒塌率目标的抗震设计方法;由于传统抗震设计的R-m-T关系未考虑结构的倒塌状态,因此建议采用R-m-T关系和抗地震倒塌能力谱分别折减设防地震和罕遇地震/特大地震作用下的弹性地震力需求,以实现“小震不坏、中震可修、大震不倒”的抗震设计目标。 超高层建筑地震动强度指标探讨 摘要:地震动强度指标是建筑结构抗震设计的重要依据。本文以弯-剪耦合梁模型为基础,建立了超高层建筑的简化分析模型,分析了不同地震动强度指标与超高层建筑结构抗震设计控制指标的相关性、离散度及其随结构基本周期的变化规律。并通过上海中心大厦(高632
m)的倒塌分析实例对不同地震动强度指标的适用性进行了验证。结果表明:PGV与超高层结构的层间位移角响应具有较好的相关性,且离散度最小,可作为超高层建筑结构抗震分析和地震响应分析的地震动强度指标。 建筑结构倒塌分析的单自由度模型,
摘要:本文建议了一种能够用于建筑结构倒塌分析的单自由度滞回模型。该模型能够模拟骨架线的强化和峰值点后的退化、滞回捏拢、往复荷载作用下的承载力和刚度退化以及P-
效应等。为验证所建议的单自由度滞回模型用于结构倒塌分析的有效性和合理性,以一8层钢筋混凝土框架结构为例,对原型结构和按照基本模态等效的单自由度模型分别进行了IDA倒塌易损性分析,结果表明两者的倒塌易损性曲线的吻合较好。 钢筋混凝土框架结构拟静力倒塌试验研究及数值模拟竞赛Ⅰ:
框架试验. 摘要:为研究汶川地震中钢筋混凝土框架结构震害机理,清华大学开展了钢筋混凝土框架结构拟静力倒塌的系列试验研究,包括1个3层4跨RC框架、2个关键梁柱节点和4个关键框架柱。结合试验举行了相应的数值模拟分析竞赛,并将试验和数值模拟结果全部在互联网上公布,供有关科研和工程人员参考。本文介绍了3层4跨RC整体框架的试验设计、试验过程和主要试验结果。
摘要:为研究汶川地震中钢筋混凝土框架结构震害机理,清华大学开展了钢筋混凝土框架结构拟静力倒塌的系列试验研究,包括1个3层4跨RC框架、2个关键梁柱节点和4个关键框架柱。结合试验举行了相应的数值模拟竞赛,并将试验和数值模拟结果全部在互联网上公布,供有关科研和工程人员参考。本文介绍了2个关键梁柱节点和4个关键框架柱的试验设计、试验过程和主要试验结果。
钢筋混凝土框架结构拟静力倒塌试验研究及数值模拟竞赛Ⅲ:
模拟结构分析. 摘要:为研究汶川地震中钢筋混凝土框架结构震害机理,清华大学开展了钢筋混凝土框架结构拟静力倒塌的系列试验研究,包括1个3层4跨RC框架、2个关键梁柱节点和4个关键框架柱。结合试验举行了相应的数值模拟分析竞赛,并将试验和数值模拟结果全部在互联网上公布,供有关科研和工程人员参考。本文介绍了钢筋混凝土框架柱、节点和整体框架的数值模拟竞赛结果,以及相应的结论和建议。
基于高性能GPU计算的城市建筑群震害模拟,
摘要:为适应不断提高的震害预测需求,精细化模型已经成为城市区域震害预测的主要发展方向。然而传统的基于CPU平台的计算方法成本过高,使得精细化模型的应用受限。近年来,GPU技术由于其强大的并行计算能力和较为低廉的价格优势,在通用计算领域得到了快速的发展和应用。基于GPU-CPU协同计算技术,建立了城市区域震害的计算模拟方法,显著缩短了城市区域震害预测的时间。并采用该方法对某中型城市的真实震害进行了模拟应用,展示了GPU技术在大区域城市建筑群震害模拟中的独特优势。 基于一致倒塌风险的建筑抗震评价方法研究,
摘要:建筑结构的抗震能力、尤其是抗倒塌能力设计目标应根据其所在场地未来一定设计使用年限内可能遭遇的地震危险性来设定。首先介绍了基于动力增量分析(IDA)的结构倒塌易损性分析方法,随后结合地震危险性分析,分别给出了结构抗倒塌能力和结构所面临地震危险性的概率模型,进而根据结构在未来一定设计使用年限内的倒塌概率,对建筑结构的抗地震倒塌风险进行定量评价,并给出了相应的计算方法。以一座7度抗震设防的RC框架结构为例,计算了该RC框架结构在3个同为7度抗震设防而地震危险性不同地区的地震倒塌风险,指出仅以抗震设防烈度作为建筑结构抗震设计的依据所存在的不足,建议应基于一致倒塌风险进行结构抗震设计,并提出了相关结构抗震设计方法需开展的研究工作。
基于推覆分析的RC框架地震倒塌易损性预测,
摘要:目的 基于倒塌率的结构倒塌易损性分析是目前评价结构抗倒塌能力最合理的方法。但是,目前基于增量动力分析(IDA)的倒塌率分析方法,工作量和实施难度大,很难直接用于工程设计,因此有必要研究便于工程应用的新方法。方法
本文基于18个典型多层RC框架结构的IDA倒塌率分析和静力推覆分析,发现RC框架在大震下的倒塌率及抗倒塌安全储备(CMR)与静力推覆得到的结构位移安全储备之间存在较好的相关关系;结果
依据此关系,建议了保证大震倒塌率的推覆位移安全储备,并通过9个RC框架结构算例进行了验证。结论 本文方法简单易行,可供规则多层RC框架结构抗倒塌设计参考。 A
hysteretic model of conventional steel braces and an analysis of the
collapse prevention effect of brace strengthening, Abstract.
A hysteretic model of conventional steel braces consisting of 18 parameters
is proposed. This model is able to simulate the hysteretic behavior
of conventional steel braces accurately. The collapse-prevention strengthening
effect with steel braces for a typical reinforced concrete (RC) frame
that was close to the epicenter and collapsed during the Great Wenchuan
Earthquake is discussed via push-over analysis and collapse fragility
analysis based on incremental dynamic analysis. The result could be
referred to for the seismic collapse prevention design of RC frames.
Lessons
from the collapse of typical RC frames in Xuankou School during the
great Wenchuan Earthquake, Abstract: The seismic damage of
typical reinforced concrete (RC) frames in Xuankou School during the
Great Wenchuan Earthquake in China is introduced. A simulation method
for the seismic damage sustained was developed to enable analysis of
the damage mechanisms. The simulation makes use of different nonlinear
finite element (FE) models, including macro-scale fibre-beam-element
models and a micro-macro-scale hybrid model. The results of the nonlinear
FE simulations show that the design of RC frames do not properly allow
for the influence of slabs and footing rotations, which results in incorrect
predictions of the internal forces and hence, the seismic damage. The
collapse resistances of different buildings are compared using incremental
dynamic analysis (IDA). The IDA results show that the collapse resistance
of the classroom buildings is much lower than that of the office buildings
because the larger axial load ratio in classroom buildings limits their
lateral deformation capacity. An optimum design is proposed which would
improve the collapse resistances of classroom buildings at very low
cost. 三维地震动输入对IDA倒塌易损性分析的影响,
摘要: 地震作用下建筑结构抗倒塌能力是性能化抗震设计的核心目标,基于IDA
的倒塌易损性分析能够定量评价结构的抗地震倒塌安全性。本文通过一个8 层RC 框架结构和一个20 层RC 框架- 核心筒结构的算例,指出仅考虑地震动单一水平分量的IDA
分析会高估结构抗地震倒塌安全性; 而三维地震动输入下结构可能出现更多的倒塌模式,可更全面地体现整体结构的抗震薄弱部位。 我国7度设防等跨RC框架抗地震倒塌能力研究,
摘要: 我国建筑结构抗震设计主要采用基于小震下的构件承载力计算保证结构的抗震承载能力,配合抗震构造措施保证结构的变形能力,缺乏大震抗倒塌定量计算。而实际地震震害表明,即使是同类结构,其结构体系参数对其抗地震倒塌能力也有很大影响。为此,本文依据《建筑抗震设计规范》GB50011-2001,按照7
度抗震设防设计了24 个不同跨度、层数和层高的RC 框架结构,采用多个地震输入下的逐步增量弹塑性动力时程分析方法( IDA 方法) ,对其抗地震倒塌能力进行了分析研究。结果表明,结构体系参数对其抗地震倒塌能力有重要影响,其中跨度和层数的影响最为显著。 Collapse
simulation of a super high-rise building subjected to extremely strong
earthquakes Abstract: In
recent years, super high-rise buildings (>500 m) are developing very
quickly and become an important frontier of civil engineering. The collapse
resistance of super high-rise buildings subjected to extremely strong
earthquake is a critical problem that must be intensively studied. This
paper builds up a nonlinear finite element model of the tallest building
in China, Shanghai Tower (632 m), and proposes the modeling method and
failure criteria for different structural elements. The dynamic characters
of this building are then analyzed, and the possible failure modes and
collapse processes due to earthquakes are predicted, as well as the
corresponding collapse mechanism. This work will be helpful in collapse
prevention and the seismic design of super high-rise buildings. Evaluation
of collapse resistance of RC frame structures for Chinese schools in
seismic design categories B and C Abstract: According to the Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (GB50011-2001), ten typical reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures, used as school classroom buildings, are designed with different seismic fortifi cation intensities (SFIs) (SFI=6 to 8.5) and different seismic design categories (SDCs) (SDC=B and C). The collapse resistance of the frames with SDC=B and C in terms of collapse fragility curves are quantitatively evaluated and compared via incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). The results show that the collapse resistance of structures should be evaluated based on both the absolute seismic resistance and the corresponding design seismic intensity. For the frames with SFI from 6 to 7.5, because they have relatively low absolute seismic resistance, their collapse resistance is insuffi cient even when their corresponding SDCs are upgraded from B to C. Thus, further measures are needed to enhance these structures, and some suggestions are proposed. 汶川地震典型RC框架结构抗倒塌加固效果分析,
摘要:本文以汶川地震震中附近的一栋典型RC框架结构为背景,分别采用普通支撑、BRB支撑、粘滞阻尼器三种加固方案来提高其抗震能力,并采用基于动力增量分析(IDA)的地震倒塌易损性分析方法,对各加固方案的抗倒塌能力及其影响参数进行了分析。结果显示,以结构抗倒塌能力为目标,粘滞阻尼器加固方案的效果好于BRB支撑加固方案,而BRB支撑方案的加固效果要好于普通支撑加固方案;相同参数情况下,A形支撑布置方案的加固效果好于X形支撑加固。 不同抗震设防RC框架结构抗倒塌能力研究 摘要:建筑结构的抗地震倒塌能力是抗震性能化设计的核心目标。建筑结构需要足够的抗倒塌安全储备,以避免大震或超大震的倒塌破坏。我国现行抗震设计尚缺乏大震抗倒塌定量设计方法和抗地震倒塌能力的定量评价指标。本文运用基于IDA的结构抗倒塌易损性分析,定量评价了按现行规范设计的不同抗震设防烈度多层RC框架结构的抗地震倒塌能力和抗倒塌安全储备,并讨论了轴压比和倒塌机制对结构抗地震倒塌能力的影响,提出了有关建议。 7度区典型框架教学楼抗震加强措施效果对比,
摘要:由于汶川地震导致大量中小学校建筑倒塌,造成巨大伤亡,住建部、中国工程院和中国地震局分别提出了不同的校舍抗震设计加强要求,但这些加强措施的实际抗倒塌效果尚缺乏定量研究。本文采用纤维梁模型,并选择合适的箍筋约束混凝土本构,对汶川地震7度区典型钢筋混凝土框架结构教学楼进行了基于IDA的倒塌率分析,研究了不同抗震加强措施的防倒塌效果,进而给出了相应的设计建议。 基于多点位移控制的推覆分析算法,
摘要:本文提出了静力推覆分析的一种新的数值方法,通过引入位移刚性约束来保持恒定推覆侧力分布,实现基于位移控制的推覆分析。论文首先基于虚功原理对引入位移刚性约束实现保持恒定推覆侧力分布进行了论证,在理论上证明了该方法既适用于弹性结构,也适用于弹塑性结构。随后,以通用有限元程序MSC.MARC为例,介绍了如何实现基于多点位移控制的推覆分析。最后,通过算例对比,说明本文建议方法在计算结构复杂非线性特别是软化过程中的突出优势,即能够获取结构从弹性阶段到完全失去水平承载力的全过程,为全面认识结构的静力推覆性能,特别是为结构的倒塌分析,提供了有力工具。 基于大震和特大震下倒塌率目标的建筑抗震设计方法研究方案,
摘要:根据"以人为本"的思想,为减少未来地震造成人员伤亡和财产损失,提出应开展基于大震和特大震下倒塌率目标的建筑结构抗震设计方法研究。对所需研究的科学问题和相关研究现状进行了介绍和论述,包括:输入地震动选取和地震动强度;建筑结构地震倒塌模拟分析技术,倒塌机理与倒塌模式控制,影响结构抗地震倒塌能力的结构参数和倒塌实验验证;地震倒塌判别准则,抗地震倒塌能力评价指标,大震和特大震下各类建筑结构的可接受倒塌率等。 玉树4.14地震钢筋混凝土框架震害调查与分析,
摘要:青海玉树4.14地震发生后,建设部震害调查专家组于次日紧急赶往灾区进行抗震救灾与震害调查。在对有关建筑工程及供水、供电、交通、通讯等生命线工程的震害情况进行调查的基础上,针对其中钢筋混凝土框架结构的震害情况进行了总结分析,并提出了今后新建设计和加固改造中应注意的问题和改进建议。 箍筋约束对典型RC框架教学楼抗地震倒塌能力影响分析 摘要:箍筋约束可增强核心区混凝土的变形能力,提高钢筋混凝土框架结构的抗地震倒塌能力。本文首先对现有箍筋约束混凝土模型进行了整理,并通过与试验对比,分析了不同箍筋约束混凝土模型的精度。在此基础上,通过选择合适的箍筋约束混凝土模型,并基于动力增量分析(IDA),对汶川地震中典型钢筋混凝土框架教学楼的抗地震倒塌能力进行了定量评价,讨论了箍筋约束对钢筋混凝土框架抗倒塌能力的影响。 地震下高层建筑连续倒塌的数值模型研究,
摘要:连续倒塌是由局部薄弱层或薄弱区域而导致的整体结构倒塌,是地震下结构最常见的一种破坏模式。理论上,结构设计应避免在地震下倒塌破坏,但对结构倒塌行为的研究有利于更好地理解结构倒塌机理并寻找有效的抗倒塌方法。倒塌过程与整体结构体系关系紧密,因而数值模拟成为研究倒塌的主要手段。本文开发了可以模拟复杂结构倒塌的程序,通过将数值分析结果与试验进行比较,说明数值模型可较好地模拟结构构件的各种极端非线性行为。采用建议的数值模型对两个实际结构进行了分析,分析结果对研究结构在地震下的破坏倒塌机理具有参考意义。 汶川地震典型教学楼附加BRB支撑防倒塌加固效果分析, 摘要:本文以汶川地震震中附近的一栋典型RC框架结构为背景,采用BRB支撑加固来增强其抗震能力,并采用基于动力增量分析(IDA)的地震倒塌易损性分析方法,对加固后的抗倒塌能力及其影响参数进行了分析。结果显示,以结构抗倒塌能力为目标,BRB支撑方案的加固效果要好于普通支撑加固方案,相同参数情况下,A形支撑布置方案的加固效果好于X形支撑布置方案。 柱轴压比对我国RC框架结构抗地震倒塌能力的影响 摘要:本文首先用纤维模型和美国ATC-63委员会推荐的IDA方法,对按照我国现行抗震规范设计的24个钢筋混凝土框架结构(7度设防,跨度、层高、层数不同)的抗地震倒塌能力进行了分析,发现框架柱轴压比是影响框架结构抗地震倒塌能力的最主要因素,轴压比和结构的倒塌储备系数CMR具有一定的线性负相关关系,现行规范轴压比限值偏高是导致框架结构抗地震倒塌能力不足的主要原因。通过改变框架柱截面尺寸调整轴压比后的进一步分析表明,控制轴压比可有效改善框架结构的抗地震倒塌能力。 基于IDA分析的结构抗地震倒塌能力研究,
摘要:结构体系的合理性对提高结构在极端灾害下的抗倒塌能力具有非常关键的作用,但目前尚缺少对结构体系合理性和抗倒塌能力的定量化评价方法。本文以结构抗地震倒塌为例,首先对结构的安全储备进行了讨论,指出结构的安全储备包括构件层次的安全储备和整体结构体系安全储备,并对影响结构体系安全储备的因素进行了分析。而后,为了更好评价整体结构体系的抗地震倒塌安全水平,介绍了近年来国际上趋向采用的基于增量动力分析(IDA)的倒塌储备系数(CMR),并以框架结构为例介绍了用倒塌储备系数衡量整体结构抗倒塌能力的具体方法。 框架结构抗地震倒塌能力的研究——汶川地震极震区几个框架结构震害案例的分析,
摘要:介绍了汶川地震中极震区几组相同场地条件情况下倒塌与未倒塌框架结构的震害案例,并分别采用弹塑性时程分析方法、推覆分析方法和基于IDA结构倒塌储备系数分析方法,对其中两个典型框架结构的抗地震倒塌能力进行了分析研究。在此基础上,结合国外关于结构抗地震倒塌计算方法及其相关研究,分析了影响结构抗倒塌能力的主要影响因素和评价指标。研究结果表明,保证结构的整体承载力储备和变形能力,增加结构的冗余度和整体性,采取有效措施使结构形成合理的屈服机制,充分利用填充墙使框架结构形成双重抗震防线,可显著提高框架结构的抗倒塌能力。最后提出了结构抗地震倒塌需进一步研究的问题。 Influence
of structural parameters to the seismic collapse resistance of RC frames
in 7-degree seismic fortification zone, Abstract: Currently in China structural
seismic design mostly focuses on design and verification of member strength
under minor earthquake. However, during actual earthquakes, structural
systems play a more important role in seismic collapse resistance. Therefore,
in order to find the influence of structural parameters to the seismic
collapse resistance, this paper designs 24 reinforced concrete (RC)
frames in 7-degree seismic fortification zone according to the Chinese
Seismic Design Code, which have different spans, storey heights and
storey numbers. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA), recommended by ATC-63
Report, is implemented for the frames based on fiber-beam element model
to evaluate their seismic collapse resistances. The result shows that
structural parameters have a great influence to seismic collapse resistance.
The seismic collapse resistance of frames designed according to the
Chinese Seismic Design Code with different span has obvious difference.
The result could be referred for the further study of seismic collapse
resistance. 汶川地震中典型RC框架的震害仿真与分析 摘要:四川汶川地震中,一些钢筋混凝土框架结构柱端出现严重的塑性铰,而梁端震害反而较轻,该结果不符合抗震设计的预期目标。在对地震灾区某典型框架结构进行震害调查和数据测量的基础上,对该框架结构进行了深入的有限元仿真分析。保持该框架结构质量分布基本不变的情况下,建立以下3种不同的有限元计算模型:1)一般的纯框架模型;2)带楼板框架模型;3)精细的带楼板-填充墙框架模型。运用每一种模型分别进行三维弹塑性时程分析,分析中采用本次地震中什邡八角镇的强震记录。通过对不同计算模型结果的对比,分析了楼板和填充墙对框架结构最大基底总剪力大小、塑性铰分布和破坏机制的影响。结果表明,按照规范设计的框架结构无法保证“强柱弱梁”抗震设计目标的实现;填充墙的存在影响结构的破坏机制,填充墙上下设置不均匀容易导致框架软弱层。建议框架结构设计应充分考虑楼板和填充墙对框架抗震性能的影响,适当提高柱的刚度和承载力,结构弹塑性分析应尽可能采用能考虑结构楼板和填充墙的计算模型。 Numerical
simulation for the progressive collapse of concrete building due to
earthquake ABSTRACT : Collapse is a critical
ultimate state for buildings under earthquake. Though collapse should
theoretically be avoid for any buildings under any earthquake, it is
still very important to study the collapse behavior of buildings so
as to get a better understanding for the collapse mechanism and to find
efficient method to against it. Progressive collapse, which means that
collapse of whole building due to local weak stories or weak zones,
is a most common failure mode in earthquake. And as its collapse process
highly depends on the whole structural system, numerical simulation
becomes a major method to study it. With the fiber-beam-element model
and multi-layer-shell-element model, which is developed by Tsinghua
University for reinforced concrete (RC) frames and RC shear-walls respectively,
the extreme nonlinear behavior of RC structural elements can be properly
simulated including the cycle behavior under coupled axial force-bending
moment-shear force, the breakdown of structural elements at ultimate
states, and the contact between structural elements during the collapse.
Simple RC frames and RC frame-shear wall structures are firstly used
to demonstrate and to benchmark the capacity of the numerical model,
and real complicated buildings are analyzed to study the failure mechanism
of the structures. 汶川地震建筑震害分析 摘要:2008年5月12日四川汶川发生8.0级地震,地震造成了大量建筑的倒塌和损坏,给人民的生命和财产带来了巨大的损失。本文汇总了清华大学、西南交通大学和北京交通大学土木结构组在四川地震主要灾区所调查的建筑震害资料,根据建筑的结构类别、建造年代、地震区估计烈度和使用功能进行了统计整理。结合典型工程震害案例,分析了此次地震中的建筑震害特点,总结了一些经验和教训。
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